Gravity Wells and Gravity Valleys
in our Universe where
Gravity is the all Pervasive Dominant Force
KRS Murthy
Gravity is all pervasive. Every object, small to very large, veiled gravity on all objects around it, or is pulled towards other objects that have more mass. Gravity acts on the space – time fabric to create a “Gravity Well”. Every object in the universe, small to big, creates a gravity well in the space - time fabric and resides inside its gravity well at its depth and in the center. When the object moves, it drags its gravity well with it, If we draw a time diagram of its gravity well, it would look like a “Gravity Valley” in its locus in the space – time fabric, Any other object, which would also have a gravity well, dragging its gravity well with it creating a valley, comes towards another object, the more massive object dominates by pulling the object with its gravity well, at the end combining their gravity wells into a larger gravity well.
In general, all objects in the universe will be in constant motion pulled towards more massive objects that are the nearest in the space – time locus. After the big bang, and after atoms were formed, the atoms in motion coalesced in a series of accretion process, finally becoming larger objects, gathering mass and momentum. Mass translates into the gravity well, while momentum translates to the gravity valley created by the moving mass in a locus. The “Merging of the Gravity Wells” create “Merged Gravity Wells”. After a series of merging of the gravity wells, larger and deeper gravity well, and deeper and wider larger gravity valleys would be created. This continual gravity well mergers resulted in stars, planets and other celestial objects. Very large objects like galaxies, galaxy clusters are all held inside their respective very deep gravity wells, and in motion respective very deep and wide gravity valleys. The gravity well of a black hole is so deep that no object that comes under its super gravity influence can escape falling into the gravity well forever, even light. Giant super clusters of galaxies can even bend light creating a gravity lensing effect as seen by an observer.
Our universe was born with the sudden appearance of a very narrow and extremely deep gravity well, which is believed by scientists to have come out of nothing. This deep gravity well expanded in width and in time tore apart into many smaller and less deep gravity wells. Trapped in these larger number of gravity wells were light and many elementary particles, some of them did not live in gravity wells, nor had their own gravity wells. The elementary particles like neutrinos and light photons never acquired their own wells. Having no gravity wells of their own, they also do not create any gravity valley in their locus traveling through the space – time fabric. However, the exception is that when these with no gravity well or valley locus pf their own come near the influence of black holes, they fall into the trap of the bottomless gravity well, and disappear forever.
We don't know why neutrinos and light waves or photons are trapped by dark matter about which we only know of its super deep gravity wells, and nothing more. Dark energy seems to push large clusters of super deep gravity wells away from each other.
When we study stars like our sun which are super deep gravity well, looking deeper inside, we see many very small gravity wells moving around very fast, with light and neutrinos escaping the gravity well, seemingly creating the effect of one single and integrated super deep gravity well. This true for all very deep and much less deep gravity wells. Like planets and even smaller objects. It goes to show that perception and effect of a single deep gravity well may be deceiving, yet they are made of many small gravity wells.
Depending on the mass of an object, the depth of the well is automatically defined. Depending on the mass density or specific gravity of the object, the circumference, and area of the gravity well, and the circumference limit of its gravity well is automatically defined. More the mass, the deeper the gravity well; more the mass density, narrower the gravity well.
Let us imagine a non-interacting observer approaching a gravity well of an object as a visitor on its own, and alternatively hitchhiking another object that approaches the target object. Once the observer approaches close enough inside the gravity well influence, the observer falls into the gravity well. Depending on the mass of the target or destination object, the observer experiences the depth of the well. Depending on the mass density or specific gravity of the object, the circumference and area of the gravity well experienced by the observer could be small or large, and limits of its gravity experienced by the observer are automatically defined. More the mass, the observer falls into a deeper the gravity well; more the mass density, narrower the gravity well as experienced by the observer.
Once the observer is inside the well, the observer sees the following:
- If the target object is a star, like our sun, its gravity well is made up predominately of a lot of lighter elements like hydrogen and helium, plus elementary particles like neutrinos, plasma and light photons, all with their own gravity wells, except for the light photons. These gravity wells are shallow and move around violently the space-time fabric inside the star as a result of the high-temperature thermonuclear fusion inside the star core, and the property of the plasma at the outer surface. Light and neutrinos released from the inner fusion core will be escaping through the maze of dense concentrations of the gravity wells bounced around by the gravity wells, some also absorbed by the gravity wells and reemitted consecutively making their way to to the exterior of the star, finally to escape out of the star.
- In the case of a black hole, the gravity well would be very narrow and extremely deep, almost to the singularity level of being bottomless, not even observable by an observer.
- In the case of dark matter, of which very little is understood, the gravity well profile is not characterizable, either the density of matter is much higher, six times than Baryonic matter, or the dark matter pervades the universe six-time compared to Baryonic matter. When an observer approaches or is attracted towards, dark matter, it may experience a very deep gravity well with a smaller circumference and area. However, it is not known what the observer would experience once inside the gravity well, if it would observe numerous smaller gravity wells, which make up the dark matter, that is either six times denser than Baryonic matter, probably because the individual atom equivalents have much lower radius compared to the Baryonic atom with the electron orbits far enough to make the Baryonic atom larger, the far away orbits of the electrons make the atoms in Baryonic matter resulting larger atoms than what the dark matter atomic equivalents may be in size.
- Mass and its gravity well would be different from the same mass in different wells. Let us take the example of the gravity well of our earth. Any object that falls into the earth's gravity well is trapped in that well. Many cosmic objects have fallen to earth owing to the gravitational pull of the earth. For hundreds of millions of years to few billion years of the earth, many meteorites, comets, and asteroids have fallen on the earth. However, our earth and all the planets in our solar system are trapped in the sun's gravity well. Our moon is also trapped in the earth's gravity well. Similarly, the planets in our solar system have their own moons trapped in the gravity well of the planets.
- Our sun is also trapped in the gravity well of our galaxy, along with all other billions of stars. All these stars are basically trapped within the grips of the center of our galaxy, which is a black hole.
- The different galaxies and galaxy clusters are in the gravity wells of dark matter. The first gravity well in the universe was the big bang itself, which contained all in the universe.
- The gravity wells of different sizes are inside bigger gravity wells, like the Russian dolls. If you open the Russian doll, there would be another Russian doll, and in turn another Russian doll and so on!
- If an object that is already trapped in a gravity well wants to escape out of the gravity well, it needs to gain an “escape velocity”, which in turn requires energy to gain the escape velocity. The mass of the object depends on the escape velocity, momentum, accelerartion, and the required energy to gain the momentum and acceleration to escape. In other words, the parameters of the requirements for escape itself defines and is a measure of the mass of the object. If the and when the object escapes the gravity well, it may travel for some time, only to be captured by another gravity well. The mass of the object after it falls into the gravity well of the second largest object will be different, as the second home of the object in the new gravity well requires a new escape velocity and other related physical parameters. Thus the object does not have a true mass, but changes based on the gravity well it resides.
- When metrorites, comets, and asteroids fall into the earth, their original travel trajectory was defined by the sun and its gravity well. Inside the gravity well of the sun are many shallower gravity wells of the different planets, the earth being only one of them. After the metrorites, comets, and asteroids fall into the sun's gravity well, they may enter the gravity well of any of the sun's planet, and in the subsequent stage also fall into the gravity well of the moons of the different planets.
- Therefore, the celestial objects falling into the sun's gravity well continue to fall into the planetary gravity wells inside the sun's gravity well. Every stellar and galactic gravity well has a series gravity wells inside the gravity wells.
- Any object truly does not have one escape velocity and one mass defining it, but many depending on the frame of reference of a gravity well. An object, for example, that wants to escape the gravity well, once it does escape, has a series of wells out of which it should escape, with practically no limit.
- The only limit to series of escapes for an object, with respect to an observer looking at the escaping object, is the Hubble horizon limit. It does not mean that the object has finished completely escaping not to be bound to any gravity well. The Hubble horizon limit refers to an observer trying to observe the escaping object from a distance.
- However, for an observer that is on or part of the object, the escape probably never ends, as there is the world, but not observable by anothefrom an observer r remote object once the object crosses the Hubble horizon with respect to an observer,
- In fact, the dark energy makes it possible for objects of super galactic scale to run away from an observer out of its Hubble horizon. There is no singular Hubble horizon but is only defined with respect to a remote observer.
Dr. KRS Murthy
(408)-464-3333
2016KRSMurthy@Gmail.Com
Skype: drkrsmurthy
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