Elastic and Inelastic Scattering possible in Full Electromagnetic Spectrum
by KRS Murthy
Both elastic and inelastic scattering have been discovered, observed in repeated experiments by many scientists. Many industrial and consumer applications have been found for the elastic and inelastic scattering. However, all these have been limited to only visible light and x-rays.
I postulate that we will be able to discover elastic scattering, and especially inelastic scattering in the full electromagnetic spectrum. Scattering happens when the wavelengths of light, or any part of the electromagnetic spectrum, are comparable to the size of the particles for field interactions to happen. The ratio of the size of the particle, measured or defined in terms of its radius, to the incident wavelength of light determines the probability of field interaction between the light and the particle. In addition, the binding of the electron to the atom, and in an extended bonding relationship with other atoms in a molecule, or a chain of molecules. Every part of the electromagnetic spectrum can be scattered by the right particle, with the right field interaction with one or more electrons or other charged particles, and in an extended relationship with in a larger structure, molecule, chain of molecule or matter that has an effective charge and charge field best suited to interact with the incident electromagnetic wave.
For example, the electron is strongly bond in a carbon atom its nucleus. In graphene, for example, the different carbon atoms are strongly bound, in the hexagonal bond, A diamond has similar, and also a three dimensional bond. That is why diamond can be cut or sliced only by another diamond.
Raman scattering, which is an inelastic scattering, applies to molecules, with scattering happening by incident light interacting with vibrational and rotational modes of the molecules. While in vibration or rotation, the molecules with electric fields would be receptive to interact with the electric and magnetic field pulsations of a ray of light. During the field interaction, the light rays donates a quantum of energy to one or more of the electrons in the different atoms making up the molecule. As the electrons during the field interactions with the rays of light are perturbed. After receiving the energy quantum, the electrons move up in its energy state, from what it was before the field interaction. It is also important to note and understand that the electrons would orbiting around a nucleus, or being a member of the molecule, more so than just an electron in an atom. The electron would be shared between two atoms in its orbiting activity, thus binding the two atoms. The vibrational mode comes from the electrons orbiting and simultaneously tugging the nuclei that the electrons belong. The nuclei respond to the tugging by the electron by oscillating, even though very slightly, due to its proportionately larger mass. In addition to this mode of vibration, the
nuclei and the whole atom experience phonon vibrations due to the temperature and pressure. The phonon vibrations are basically compressions and expansions in the nuclei to nuclei, also atom to atom bond, between the neighboring atoms in the bond, the bond being a manifestation of the shared electron relationships,
The rotations of molecule is due to the bonds between two atoms, being at an angle (in three dimensional degrees of freedom) to the other bonds between another set of neighboring atoms. The angle between the atom to atom bonds creates a torque. The torque gives rise to rotation.
Even though the incident ray of light perturbs the electrons motion in its angular momentum and spin, the ray of light really perturbs the atoms to which the electron belongs, and in turn the whole molecule to which extended bond family the affected electron belongs.
In these inelastic interactions, repeated incidence of many successive rays of light in one or overall many successive field interactions with electrons, most of the times on the average in a short duration impacting the molecules vibration and rotation. Effectively, the rays of light would have perturbed many electrons, thus perturbing many atoms, part of a molecular family. The successive quanta of energy donated by the successive incidence of the rays of light indirectly result in the energy perturbation of the whole molecule.
In the case of inelastic scattering, the energy donated raises the energy state of the molecules, from a pre-incidence of light state that may be the prevailing ground state to a higher vibrational and rotational combination of energy state, only to eventually fall back to the ground state. The medium may have different and diverse molecules making up the medium. Depending on the different molecules of different structures and their response to the incident light, all molecules behave very differently from each other. In addition, the relative concentrations of the different molecules with different characteristic structures in the medium yield different levels of scattering.
Some molecules may scatter more than the others. Overall response of the different molecules will have peaks at different wavelengths. Therefore, many of the scattering modes are basically based and are used in applications based on the intensity of the scattered light at their characteristic wavelengths to determine the composition of the medium.
For example, Raman scattering is very weak. In all applications of Raman scattering, lasers are used for light source, as otherwise the weak Raman scattering will not be practical in the industry. Basically in application of Raman scattering the medium under test is bombarded with laser, which has high intensity, or in other words significantly high number of light rays per unit cross section.
by KRS Murthy
Both elastic and inelastic scattering have been discovered, observed in repeated experiments by many scientists. Many industrial and consumer applications have been found for the elastic and inelastic scattering. However, all these have been limited to only visible light and x-rays.
I postulate that we will be able to discover elastic scattering, and especially inelastic scattering in the full electromagnetic spectrum. Scattering happens when the wavelengths of light, or any part of the electromagnetic spectrum, are comparable to the size of the particles for field interactions to happen. The ratio of the size of the particle, measured or defined in terms of its radius, to the incident wavelength of light determines the probability of field interaction between the light and the particle. In addition, the binding of the electron to the atom, and in an extended bonding relationship with other atoms in a molecule, or a chain of molecules. Every part of the electromagnetic spectrum can be scattered by the right particle, with the right field interaction with one or more electrons or other charged particles, and in an extended relationship with in a larger structure, molecule, chain of molecule or matter that has an effective charge and charge field best suited to interact with the incident electromagnetic wave.
For example, the electron is strongly bond in a carbon atom its nucleus. In graphene, for example, the different carbon atoms are strongly bound, in the hexagonal bond, A diamond has similar, and also a three dimensional bond. That is why diamond can be cut or sliced only by another diamond.
Raman scattering, which is an inelastic scattering, applies to molecules, with scattering happening by incident light interacting with vibrational and rotational modes of the molecules. While in vibration or rotation, the molecules with electric fields would be receptive to interact with the electric and magnetic field pulsations of a ray of light. During the field interaction, the light rays donates a quantum of energy to one or more of the electrons in the different atoms making up the molecule. As the electrons during the field interactions with the rays of light are perturbed. After receiving the energy quantum, the electrons move up in its energy state, from what it was before the field interaction. It is also important to note and understand that the electrons would orbiting around a nucleus, or being a member of the molecule, more so than just an electron in an atom. The electron would be shared between two atoms in its orbiting activity, thus binding the two atoms. The vibrational mode comes from the electrons orbiting and simultaneously tugging the nuclei that the electrons belong. The nuclei respond to the tugging by the electron by oscillating, even though very slightly, due to its proportionately larger mass. In addition to this mode of vibration, the
nuclei and the whole atom experience phonon vibrations due to the temperature and pressure. The phonon vibrations are basically compressions and expansions in the nuclei to nuclei, also atom to atom bond, between the neighboring atoms in the bond, the bond being a manifestation of the shared electron relationships,
The rotations of molecule is due to the bonds between two atoms, being at an angle (in three dimensional degrees of freedom) to the other bonds between another set of neighboring atoms. The angle between the atom to atom bonds creates a torque. The torque gives rise to rotation.
Even though the incident ray of light perturbs the electrons motion in its angular momentum and spin, the ray of light really perturbs the atoms to which the electron belongs, and in turn the whole molecule to which extended bond family the affected electron belongs.
In these inelastic interactions, repeated incidence of many successive rays of light in one or overall many successive field interactions with electrons, most of the times on the average in a short duration impacting the molecules vibration and rotation. Effectively, the rays of light would have perturbed many electrons, thus perturbing many atoms, part of a molecular family. The successive quanta of energy donated by the successive incidence of the rays of light indirectly result in the energy perturbation of the whole molecule.
In the case of inelastic scattering, the energy donated raises the energy state of the molecules, from a pre-incidence of light state that may be the prevailing ground state to a higher vibrational and rotational combination of energy state, only to eventually fall back to the ground state. The medium may have different and diverse molecules making up the medium. Depending on the different molecules of different structures and their response to the incident light, all molecules behave very differently from each other. In addition, the relative concentrations of the different molecules with different characteristic structures in the medium yield different levels of scattering.
Some molecules may scatter more than the others. Overall response of the different molecules will have peaks at different wavelengths. Therefore, many of the scattering modes are basically based and are used in applications based on the intensity of the scattered light at their characteristic wavelengths to determine the composition of the medium.
For example, Raman scattering is very weak. In all applications of Raman scattering, lasers are used for light source, as otherwise the weak Raman scattering will not be practical in the industry. Basically in application of Raman scattering the medium under test is bombarded with laser, which has high intensity, or in other words significantly high number of light rays per unit cross section.
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